Class 12 Physics Exemplar: Electrostatic Potential

Ye page Class 12 Physics ke NCERT Exemplar book ka ek important question aur uska detailed solution provide karta hai. Chapter 2 - Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance par focus hai. Exemplar questions students ko concept ki gehrai se samajhne mein madad karte hain.

Topic Overview

Is question mein hum electric potential difference, point charges, aur work done ke concept ka use karenge. Aaiye is numerical ko step-by-step solve karte hain.

Here we have provided NCERT Exemplar Questionfor Class 12 Physics in hindi Language, Just select the chapters below to get Exemplar Solution of the same:

वैधयुत आवेश तथा क्षेत्र

स्थिर वैधयुत विभव तथा धारिता

विद्युत धारा

गतिमान आवेश और चुम्बकत्व

चुम्बकत्व एवं द्रव्य

वैधयुतचुम्बकीय प्रेरण

प्रत्यावर्ती धारा

विद्युत चुम्बकीय तरंगे

किरण प्रकाशिकी एवं प्रकाशिक यंत्र

प्रकाशिकी

विकिरण तथा द्रव्य कि द्वैत प्रकृति

परमाणु

नाभिक

पदार्थ , युक्तियाँ तथा सरल परिपथ

संचार व्यवस्था

प्रतिदर्श प्रश्नपत्र

उत्तर

NCERT Exemplar Question: Electrostatic Potential

Question: Do point charges, +4 μC aur -2 μC, ek dusre se 10 cm ki distance par rakhe hain. Dono charges ko connect karne wali line par kis point par electric potential zero hoga? (Assume ki infinity par potential zero hai).

Question Ka Concept

Ye question electric potential ke superposition principle par based hai. Kisi point par total potential individual charges ke potential ka algebraic sum hota hai. Formula yeh hai: V = kq/r, jahan k = 1/(4πε₀).

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Situation Ko Samjhein

Maante hain charge +4 μC origin (0) par hai aur charge -2 μC x-axis par x = 10 cm par hai. Hume woh point find karna hai jahan potential zero ho. Maan lete hain yeh point +4 μC charge se 'x' meter ki distance par hai, line par hi.

Step 2: Potential Ka Equation Set Karein

Point P par total potential, V_total = V_(due to +4μC) + V_(due to -2μC) = 0

Iska matlab: k*(4 x 10⁻⁶)/x + k*(-2 x 10⁻⁶)/(0.10 - x) = 0

Step 3: Equation Solve Karein

'k' cancel out ho jayega. Equation banegi: (4/x) - (2/(0.10 - x)) = 0

Isse hume milta hai: 4/x = 2/(0.10 - x)

Cross multiply karte hain: 4*(0.10 - x) = 2*x

0.40 - 4x = 2x

0.40 = 6x

x = 0.40/6 = 0.0667 m = 6.67 cm

Step 4: Result Ka Interpretation

Result batata hai ki zero potential ka point +4 μC charge se 6.67 cm ki distance par, dono charges ke beech mein hoga. Yeh sahi hai kyunki positive charge zyada bada hai, isliye zero potential ka point negative charge ki taraf hoga.

Important Learnings

• Electric potential scalar quantity hoti hai, isliye hum simple algebraic sum lete hain.
• Potential positive aur negative dono charges ke liye positive, zero, ya negative ho sakti hai.
• Solution mein humne assume kiya point charges ke beech line par hi hai. Line ke bahar bhi solutions ho sakte hain, lekin is specific arrangement ke liye beech mein hi hoga.

CBSE Pattern Mein Importance

Aise numerical 3-4 marks ke short answer type questions mein aate hain. Concept clear hone se derivations aur multiple choice questions bhi asaan ho jate hain. Electrostatic potential ka yeh basic application aapko capacitance ke numericals mein bhi help karega.

Remember: Always check your answer ki woh physical situation ke saath sense banta hai ya nahi. Negative distance possible nahi hoti, aur point charges ke positions ke beech hi hona chahiye.